Showing posts with label Reading. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Reading. Show all posts

Thursday, October 24, 2019

13 Lessons from 13 Years of Brain Pickings...

Brain Pickings has been one of my favorite sites ever since I discovered it a few years back. It is one of those sites that enrich a person and worth every second spent.


https://www.brainpickings.org

Maria Popova has shared these beautiful, insightful and time-tested learnings titled "13 Life-Learnings from 13 Years of Brain Pickings" with the tagline More fluid reflections on keeping a solid center.

I have given below the 13 lessons. 

  1. Allow yourself the uncomfortable luxury of changing your mind.
  2. Do nothing for prestige or status or money or approval alone.
  3. Be generous.
  4. Build pockets of stillness into your life.
  5. When people try to tell you who you are, don’t believe them.
  6. Presence is far more intricate and rewarding an art than productivity.
  7. Expect anything worthwhile to take a long time.
  8. Seek out what magnifies your spirit.
  9. Don’t be afraid to be an idealist. 
  10. Don’t just resist cynicism — fight it actively.
  11. Question your maps and models of the universe, both inner and outer, and continually test them against the raw input of reality.
  12. There are infinitely many kinds of beautiful lives.
  13. Forgive, forgive, forgive. And then forgive again. 
Please do check out the complete post here. 

"Self-Refinement Through the Wisdom of the Ages: New Year’s Resolutions from Some of Humanity’s Greatest Minds"  comes with the tagline Enduring ideas for personal refinement from Seneca, Thoreau, Virginia Woolf, Carl Sagan, Alan Watts, Emerson, Bruce Lee, Maya Angelou, and more --is a post that I have shared on my FB wall every new year since 2016. 

A very short version can be read here.

Wednesday, February 21, 2018

Reading 2017

Books

 

0. Curse of Cash by Kenneth Rogoff




Why: The authors premise is that paper currency is the root cause of many evils and advanced country governments should do away with it as much as possible and limit currency to smaller denomination and coins. The book is divided into three sections. the first section talks about the evolution of paper currency, currency circulation, currency demand in underground economy, the concept of seignorage and the need to do away with most of the paper currency. The second section discusses in detail the idea of negative interest rates. The third section talks about the global implications to phasing out paper currency and how the governments will look at digital currencies and he doesn’t have good news for Crypto currency lovers.

Quoting from the book "With all due respect to promising security advances offered by public ledger technology and the ingenious algorithms embodied in some of the new “currencies,” the view that Bitcoin— or any other cryptocurrency— is going to replace the dollar anytime soon is quite naive. As currency innovators have learned over the millennia, it is hard to stay on top of the government indefinitely in a game where the latter can keep adjusting the rules until it wins. If the private sector comes up with a much better way of doing things, the government will eventually adapt and regulate as necessary to eventually win out. Even if (for argument’s sake), cryptocurrency technology proved unstoppable, the winner (say, Bitcoin 3.0) would only end up being a precursor to a government controlled “Bencoin” (after Benjamin Franklin, who now adorns the US $100 bill)."

I would say a provoking book, and people are free to agree or disgaree with Mr Rogoff. Afterall, he has been the Chief Economist of the IMF. He also happens to be a Chess Grandmaster :-)

1. 'When Breath Becomes Air' by Paul Kalanithi
Why:This book is the most moving book I have read . :-( 




I know many won't get through this book.It impacts you at different levels . The prose is just beautiful . For me , It just reminds us how vulnerable we are and helps appreciate better, what(ever) we have .

2. The Phoenix Project - A Novel about IT, Devops, and helping Your Business Win - by Gene Kim, Kevin Behr, and George Spafford

Why: Wanted a non-technical read on DevOps. 

3. 'A Man for All Markets' by Edward O Thorp


Why: If you are interested in logical thinking and if you want to be rational in an irrational world , if you are interested in investing and want to learn from a person who not only had his skin in the game , but was also extremely successful in wealth generation, do read this book.

4. The Little Book that beats the market by Joel Greenblatt



Why: It is the book on value investing and a must read for any value investor

5. " The Theory That Would Not Die: How Bayes' Rule Cracked the Enigma Code, Hunted Down Russian Submarines, and Emerged Triumphant from Two Centuries of Controversy " by sharon bertsch mcgrayne

Why:This book provides an excellent introduction to the history behind the evolution of Bayes Theorem. People's struggles to just use the theory, the opposition it had to face, the famous personalities, prominent role played by Bayes in cracking the Enigma code, for e.g. and lot such information is available in the book. We understand how much opposition it had to undergo before reaching a position of pre-eminence that it enjoys today. 

This is how the book ends "Talking of religion, I am reminded of a strip of cartoons about Bayesians that appeared some time ago. They showed a series of monks. One was looking lost, one was dressed as a soldier, one was holding a guide book and one had his tongue stuck out. They were, respectively, a vague prior, a uniform prior, an informative prior and, of course, an improper prior ..." :-)

6. Tell me the odds - A 15 page introduction to Bayes Theorem




Why: Because i wanted to brush up on Bayes and found this book to be good and more importantly free on Amazon.

7. The Lessons of History by Will Durant


Why: Good knowledge of history is very important for good decision making. This is a condensed work from the authors books and is eminently readable. The kind of book that if you start underlining the important paragraphs, you end up doing it for the whole book. i would call this one of the most important books read in recent times.

8. Business Model Generation: A Handbook for Visionaries, Game Changers, and Challengers by by Alexander Osterwalder (Author),‎ Yves Pigneur (Author)




Why: I was given this book when i worked on a business model for a hackathon. I read the book , found it extremely useful and used it in my presentation. It covers everything about a business model that you have to know of. May be this needs a separate blog post :-)

Books Started and planned to be finished in 2018 ( Hopefully)


  1. The Great Unknown: Seven Journeys to the Frontiers of Science (Hardcover) by Marcus du Sautoy
  2. The Island of Knowledge by Marcelo Gleiser
  3. The Most Important Thing Illuminated: Uncommon Sense for the Thoughtful Investor by Howard Marks
  4. Principles: Life and Work by Ray Dalio

Articles

1        
2  1.Scientists, Stop Thinking Explaining Science Will Fix Things http://www.slate.com/articles/healt...
An interesting conversation on how to communicate science to the so called non-scientific people. conversations on this can be found here - https://www.facebook.com/lalgudi/po...

2. Simple math is why Elon Musk’s companies keep doing what others don’t even consider possible
For me the key take aways are realizing the 'limits of incremental innovations' and the need to go back to the basics to bring newer perspectives to the problems that we face and not being constrained by the status-quo.
And this article starts with #Feynman, "Feynman didn’t mean all human knowledge must be distilled into an introductory college course. His point was that we need to build our grasp of science and technology from the ground up if we are to master it, not to mention reimagine how it works."

3. A Path Less Taken to the Peak of the Math World
Inspiring story of a person who took to mathematics quite late and famous for his proof of rota conjecture. at the age of 34, he now is a member of the IAS Princeton, New Jersey.
He is also a fields medal contender.
A poor maths test at elementary school that made him lose interest in maths and try his hand at poetry, a failed attempt which made him look at journalism as a career and how a chance meeting with a 1970 fields medal winner from Japan changed his life for ever is well narrated.
The more interesting part is the comments section where a reader identified a mistake in the article. :-)

4. After 100 Years of Debate, Hitting Absolute Zero Has Been Declared Mathematically Impossible http://www.sciencealert.com/after-a...
Cooling to absolute zero mathematically impossible. Third law of #Thermodynamics on firm footing now.
When i read in school that diamond burns at 690 C, my question was whether we will get diamond if we cool carbon to -690 C. The answer was a No and that reaching colder temperatures wasn't easy. It was only later that i learnt the concept of absolute zero.

5.Why religion is not going away and science will not destroy it https://aeon.co/ideas/why-religion-...
"Religion is not going away any time soon, and science will not destroy it. If anything, it is science that is subject to increasing threats to its authority and social legitimacy. Given this, science needs all the friends it can get. Its advocates would be well advised to stop fabricating an enemy out of religion, or insisting that the only path to a secure future lies in a marriage of science and secularism."

6. The FBI’s Hunt for Two Missing Piglets Reveals the Federal Cover-Up of Barbaric Factory Farms https://theintercept.com/2017/10/05...
The hypocrisy of treating certain animals as pets and certain other animals as food and the ill treatment meted out to intelligent animals.
Warning: Article contains images that are disturbing, but i would still suggest you read to understand the perils of industrial farming of animals.

7. DeepMind’s AlphaZero crushes chess https://chess24.com/en/read/news/de...
“The DeepMind team had managed to prove that a generic version of their algorithm, with no specific knowledge other than the rules of the game, could train itself for four hours at chess, two hours in shogi (Japanese chess) or eight hours in Go and then beat the reigning computer champions – i.e. the strongest known players of those games. In chess it wasn’t just a beating, but sheer demolition.”

8. Seeking the Lost Art of Growing Old with Intention https://www.outsideonline.com/22678...
The story of Bernd Heinrich who is 77 years old and the author of 21 books.
This paragraph should provide an idea about the person "When I began adding up Bernd’s septuagenarian streak, I realized that here was a rare man—a throwback. We live in an age that affords little time and space for communing with nature. We’re busy. Our days are fragmented. But Bernd has dug in his heels against this collective drift. He has recognized where he wants to be in old age and settled in, with purpose.".

Books referred to or went back for selective reading

  • .     Meditations by Marcus Aurelius
  • .     Calvin and Hobbes by Bill Watterson
  •       Bharathiar Kavidaigal
  •      Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance

Tuesday, September 19, 2017

Three Ideas that help make Better Decisions

 What has Second Law of Thermodynamics got to do with Software Maintenance ? Or means to learn from other disciplines to make better decisions

I think Robert Frost had it easy. He had to choose between two roads and took one and survived to write a poem about it. But Knowledge workers of the day, rarely face such binary choices or have it this easy. Their work life is full of making such choices big and small. They have to make choices where the consequences are rarely obvious and there is no travelling back. knowledge workers mess it up more often that not. 



The problem is that human beings are not great decision makers. In fact, we are poor decision makers and worse, don’t realize that we are poor decision makers most of them time. Given below are a few reasons why we are poor at making decisions.

  • We are not Rational: As human beings, we are not as rational as we think to be. To be more precise, we are irrational beings and think and try to act rational at times. This realization has given birth to a field called behavioral science.
  • We don’t Capture enough information about problems that we face: We don’t know what to do or how to approach the problem / issue in front of us
  • We look for easy means to take decisions: Many times, we fall back to decisions based on ‘gut-feel’ . While it works well for certain scenarios, one rarely is successful using gut-feel for decisions in complex domains ( of the kind that we come across in work life).

 Specialization Vs Generalization

The world demands specialization but Problem solving needs knowledge from multi disciplines. While specialized knowledge is very much used to solve advanced problems, the problems that we face / the decisions that we need to make are typically in the boundaries between different domains ( for e.g. which activity has to be prioritized when resource requirement is the same or which project has to be chosen when their resource requirements are the same) where our advanced problem solving skills are not of much use.  They also typically need a breadth of knowledge than a depth of knowledge. The other problem with Specialization is that  we also risk allowing our thinking to be narrowed down, thereby making us incapable of using lessons from a different domain and use it for solving problems

Need for Multi Discipline Thinkers

Grady Booch in his book ‘ Object Oriented Analysis and Design with Applications -2e’ talks about how the complexity of Enterprise Software exceeds the human intellectual capacity. To quote from the book
"The world is only sparsely populated with geniuses. There is no reason to believe that the software engineering community has an inordinately large proportion of then" Although there is a touch of genius in all of us, in the realm of industrial-strength software we cannot always rely upon divine inspiration to carry us through. Therefore, we must consider more disciplined ways to master complexity.
 It helps us to take better decisions if we can not only learn from other people’s experience, but also learn from other disciplines. For e.g. the second law of thermodynamics talks about the concept of entropy. This essentially means that the disorder in any closed system keeps increasing and external intervention is needed to keep the system stable. 

For a person who is familiar with the concept of entropy and also software development can see the relationship between the closed system and a software system. The concept can be extended to maintenance of software systems . People who are familiar with software system know that without proper maintenance and servicing of technical debt, it can become instable over a period of time. many such examples can be quoted, but how do we learn from other disciplines ?

Enter the concept of Mental Models

I first came across the term Mental Models in Peter Senge’s ‘The Fifth Discipline’. Senge defines Mental Models as ‘conceptual frameworks consisting of generalizations’. To quote from Wiki , A mental model is an explanation of someone's thought process about how something works in the real world. It is a representation of the surrounding world, the relationships between its various parts and a person's intuitive perception about his or her own acts and their consequences.

Mental models are important because they help set an approach to solve problems and do tasks. They also help to transfer experiences from one domain to another since the thought process is what is important and is independent of the domain.  While certain mental models are generic, many mental models can be specific to a certain domain or discipline.

The more the mental models a person has at his command, better will be his/her problem solving ability. Remember the folk saying "To a man with only a hammer every problem looks pretty much like a nail." We don’t want our problem solvers to have a few mental models and use that for solving all problems / take decisions. 

The mental models can be from physics, chemistry, biology, mathematics and systems thinking.  And it is important that the person who uses the mental models stores them relating to each other and not in isolation. When that happens,  the array of knowledge / experience takes a very usable form. Charles T Munger calls this a ‘latticework of knowledge’ .  
“What is elementary, worldly wisdom? Well, the first rule is that you can't really know anything if you just remember isolated facts and try and bang 'em back. If the facts don't hang together on a latticework of theory, you don't have them in a usable form.”
 While there are many mental models that people are familiar with ( laws of thermodynamics, pareto principle, laws of diminishing returns and so on),  let us look at 3 Mental Models to start with

Inversion: This simply means ‘begin with the end in mind’. This is attributed to Carl Jacobi.  One of his maxims was: 'Invert, always invert' ('man muss immer umkehren'), expressing his belief that the solution of many hard problems can be clarified by re-expressing them in inverse form.  This allows us to look at a problem forward and backward and un cover any hidden assumptions that we may have.  The advantage with this approach is that it helps us to avoid making mistakes that are steps that don’t help progress towards a solution. Many a time in life, we can arrive at good decisions by avoiding the usual mistakes . this is a point that is already called out in my old article ‘Plan to do new mistakes’.

Second Order Thinking: while it is very obvious that the decisions that we take have their own consequences, many a time, we really don’t give the consequences enough thought. The reason can be that we are under pressure to act fast or don’t have the time to think through the consequences or even if we think through, the consequences are known and people in the know simply have the ‘ let us cross the bridge when we come to it’ attitude. In work as well as real life, a successful outcome is the sum of  many correct decisions and not  a single decision.  If we do this, then what and then.. is how this mental model is structured. In response, we need to validate whether the consequences are what we desire. In this lecture, Charlie Munger has mentioned Warren Buffet as “Thinking naturally in terms of decision trees”. Decision trees essentially allow one to compare the potential outcomes of different paths of action. Second order Thinking will be covered in more detail in one of the following posts.     

Map is not the Territory: A map is a representation of a territory and it has a certain level of abstraction built in to it. A map may present certain dimensions of a territory. But for all the resemblance to reality, the fact is that it is not the territory.  It may be about the terrain and not about the weather.  So when people mistake the map for the territory to solve problems and make decisions, they  address certain parameters and not all.  Reality is messier and parameters not considered in a map may role in the outcome. For example, if you are planning for a trek and only consider the terrain and not the weather because the map didn’t contain the details, there is a very high probability that the trek may not meet its objectives due to weather . And more importantly, maps can be also wrong. Hence Map is not the territory is one of the fundamental models. For planning, this translates as ‘the reality represented by the plan and the reality once we start executing are  quite different’. Very rarely plan and reality end up the same in enterprise projects due to the nature of complexity involved.

Image Courtesy: Internet and all copyrights to the rightful owner

Thursday, August 31, 2017

Shibumi, Simplicity and Inifinite Refinement



Steve Job's Biography by Walter Isaacson contains a section where  Jobs talks about his idea of product design, the importance of simplicity and how simplicity is achieved by not hiding complexity, but by overcoming the same. I had written a post on the same titled 'Simplicity, Design and Steve Jobs'.  I have quoted below the essence of Job's statement.

"Simplicity isn’t just a visual style. It’s not just minimalism or the absence of clutter. It involves digging through the depth of the complexity. To be truly simple, you have to go really deep."

Today, while reading a newsletter, the author of the newsletter mentions the concept of 'Shibumi' while discussing the idea of infinite refinement. The newsletter mentions a book called Shibumi, written by Trevanian and published in 1978. According to the author, what makes the book interesting is the interweaving of Japanese philosophy in an otherwise simple spy story.

Here is a dialog quoted from the book  as mentioned in the newsletter.

"Shibumi, sir?" Nicholai knew the word, but only as it applied to gardens or architecture, where it connoted an understated beauty. 

"How are you using the term, sir?"


"Oh, vaguely. And incorrectly, I suspect. A blundering attempt to describe an ineffable quality. As you know, shibumi has to do with great refinement underlying commonplace appearances. It is a statement so correct that it does not have to be bold, so poignant it does not have to be pretty, so true it does not have to be real. Shibumi is understanding, rather than knowledge. Eloquent silence. In demeanor, it is modesty without pudency. In art, where the spirit of shibumi takes the form of sabi, it is elegant simplicity, articulate brevity. In philosophy, where shibumi emerges as wabi, it is spiritual tranquility that is not passive; it is being without the angst of becoming. And in the personality of a man, it is . . . how does one say it? Authority without domination? Something like that."


Nicholai's imagination was galvanized by the concept of shibumi. No other ideal had ever touched him so.  "How does one achieve this shibumi, sir?" 


"One does not achieve it, one . . . discovers it.” 


"Meaning that one must learn a great deal to arrive at shibumi?"


"Meaning, rather, that one must pass through knowledge and arrive at simplicity."


A concept worth exploring further and being...


Saturday, February 4, 2017

Important Reading - 2016

Books read 2016

Being Mortal by Atul Gawande 


What happens to the body as we age, the transformation of old age care, geriatrics , hospice care, the transformation of society from a joint family system to a nuclear family set up, more elderly people living alone, the troubles they face, why taking care of sick or terminally ill people at home is better, what is the point at which medical intervention should stop and nature allowed to take its course ? a very interesting thought provoking book. I see it more relevant for indian context because the social network that existed in my grandmothers time ( when we took care of her at home during her last days with doctor visits and help from family members) is no longer around and no longer feasible too…

Verdict: Must Read

Quiet by Susan Cain

For a long time, I thought of myself as Shy till my friends told me that I talk well with people I know or on subjects that I know. I realized later that I am what people call as Introvert . And unfortunately for Introverts, we all live in a world where the quiet, serious and less talkative are overlooked in terms of the more open, talkative and loud types.
The book starts with the transition of how  character gave away to the idea of personality as a judge of people. And moves on to how this transition made the idea of a charismatic leader more popular. Talks about how brain storming is a bad idea, takes help of biology to look into whether the temperament is something a person is born with and how extroverts and introverts think differently. Book also looks at how Asian Culture gives space for Introverts ( in fact encouraging it ) while American culture is opposite in nature. The last section of the book talks about introvert kids, introverts at work, introvert extrovert marriages, problems faced and suggested solution.

The book is highly recommended and a must read if you are interested in people or work with people.

Verdict: Must Read

Mindset by Carol Dweck

There are two mindsets. One is Fixed. This makes people believe that their qualities (intelligence, ability and potential) are fixed. People form a certain image of themselves and need to perform to validate that image. 

Failure is looked upon as an inability or shortcoming of the potential and not as a means to learn something new and extend one’s ability. The other mindset is growth. People with this mindset believe that they can improve and look at failures as opportunities to learn rather.  This is not to say that the mindset alone is enough. Planning and working to achieve the goals or targets set is important.

Some kids are smarter than others. When there is too much focus on the results of the performances, the kids mindset becomes Fixed as they are under pressure to confirm to a certain image and there by impacting their growth. for e.g. Ms Dweck suggests that Parents should get kids to focus on putting in the best effort and not worry too much about the results. Praise and focus should be on the effort put in and not on the results.  

I have taken notes while reading the book and hope to write a separate post about the book.

Verdict: Must Read


The Climb by Anatoli Bourkeev and G. Weston DeWalt 

The climb of three groups that turned  fatal due to a ferocious blizzard and Anatoli Bourkeev’s rescue of  a number of climbers by risking his life is a first person narration and makes you feel sorry for the mountaineers who lost their lives attempting the climb. Poor planning, communication due to English and Russian, lack of proper radios, cost cutting in selection of oxygen cylinders, poor coordination… you can see all classic reasons for project failure throughout the book. And when you are against the mighty nature, over planning and over preparation is any day better than sufficient planning. In Military, there is a saying ‘ Amateurs talk strategy, professionals talk logistics’.

Verdict: Worth a read


Blockchain Revolution by Dan and Alexi Tapscott 

This book talks about the potential of blockchain and the kind of potential changes it can bring about. It is nontechnical and focuses on the areas where Blockchain can be used. It is comprehensive and a good read if you want to understand Blockchain’s potential. 



Verdict: Must Read








H for Hawk by Helen MacDonald.

 A woman and the story of how she overcomes the sudden death of her beloved father with the help of Falconry. The English landscape, the archaic languge that is unique to falconry, an author whose memoirs of failed experiments with falconry that weren’t meant to be published, but got published - all these have come together beautifully in this book. The prose is delectable and have never enjoyed a book for the language used this much in recent times.

Verdict: Must Read



World Economic Forum Report on  Blockchain

The future of financial infrastructure -- An ambitious look at how blockchain can reshape financial services

The report looks at different sectors like Insurance, Banking and takes use cases and how BlockChain can reshape financial services. It is an exhaustive report and is also more pragmatic in assessing the technology and discusses the limitations too. Unlike other books, this report doesn’t talk about as blockchain as the only thing, but the report is very careful to call out the technology as one of the fundamental building blocks.

Verdict: Must Read , if you are interested in knowing the potential of Blockchain and potential areas of implementation. click here to read the report

Read from my son's Library

Matilda by Roald Dahl
Couple of Geronimo Stilton whose titles I forgot J
Amar Chitra Kathas and few other kid books

Websites frequented

Medium.com for all stuff that interests me
Farnamstreetblog.com
Quanta.com for Science Maths and Computer Science related developments
Pocket for interesting articles

Articles worth a mention

Books referred to or went back for selective reading



Books started and hopefully should be completed in 2017 :-)

The curse of Cash by Kenneth Rogoff
Mastering Bitcoin by Andreas Antonoupolos